diff --git a/scanners/posture.mjs b/scanners/posture.mjs
index db12564..16a89f0 100644
--- a/scanners/posture.mjs
+++ b/scanners/posture.mjs
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 import { resolve } from 'node:path';
 import { writeFile } from 'node:fs/promises';
 import { runAllScanners } from './scan-orchestrator.mjs';
+import { humanizeEnvelope } from './lib/humanizer.mjs';
 import {
   calculateUtilization,
   determineMaturityLevel,
@@ -114,7 +115,14 @@ async function main() {
   }
 
   if (outputFile) {
-    const json = JSON.stringify(result, null, 2);
+    // Consumers (feature-gap.md, posture.md) read scannerEnvelope.scanners[].findings
+    // and group on humanizer fields. posture's result nests the envelope under
+    // `scannerEnvelope`, so humanize THAT (not `result`, which has no top-level
+    // `scanners` array — humanizeEnvelope would no-op). --json/--raw stay raw.
+    const fileEnv = (jsonMode || rawMode)
+      ? result
+      : { ...result, scannerEnvelope: humanizeEnvelope(result.scannerEnvelope) };
+    const json = JSON.stringify(fileEnv, null, 2);
     await writeFile(outputFile, json, 'utf-8');
     process.stderr.write(`\nResults written to ${outputFile}\n`);
   }
diff --git a/tests/scanners/posture-humanizer.test.mjs b/tests/scanners/posture-humanizer.test.mjs
index fc297f9..22c99d4 100644
--- a/tests/scanners/posture-humanizer.test.mjs
+++ b/tests/scanners/posture-humanizer.test.mjs
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { describe, it } from 'node:test';
 import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
-import { resolve, dirname } from 'node:path';
+import { resolve, dirname, join } from 'node:path';
+import { tmpdir } from 'node:os';
 import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url';
 import { execFile } from 'node:child_process';
 import { promisify } from 'node:util';
@@ -141,4 +142,44 @@ describe('posture humanizer wiring (Step 6)', () => {
         'humanized stderr must differ from v5.0.0 verbatim stderr');
     });
   });
+
+  // M-BUG-12: feature-gap.md/posture.md read findings from posture.mjs --output-file
+  // and group on humanizer fields (userActionLanguage etc.). Default-mode output-file
+  // must therefore humanize findings inside the nested scannerEnvelope; --raw stays raw.
+  describe('default mode --output-file (M-BUG-12: humanized findings)', () => {
+    it('writes humanized GAP findings (userActionLanguage defined) to the output file', async () => {
+      const tmp = join(tmpdir(), `ca-posture-outfile-${process.pid}.json`);
+      try {
+        await runPosture(['--output-file', tmp]);
+        const env = JSON.parse(await readFile(tmp, 'utf-8'));
+        const gap = env.scannerEnvelope.scanners.find(s => s.scanner === 'GAP');
+        assert.ok(gap, 'GAP scanner must be present in the output file');
+        assert.ok(gap.findings.length > 0, 'fixture must yield at least one GAP finding');
+        for (const f of gap.findings) {
+          assert.notEqual(f.userActionLanguage, undefined,
+            `${f.id}: default-mode output-file findings must carry userActionLanguage`);
+          assert.notEqual(f.userImpactCategory, undefined,
+            `${f.id}: default-mode output-file findings must carry userImpactCategory`);
+        }
+      } finally {
+        await unlink(tmp).catch(() => {});
+      }
+    });
+
+    it('--raw --output-file keeps v5.0.0 raw finding shape (no humanizer fields)', async () => {
+      const tmp = join(tmpdir(), `ca-posture-outfile-raw-${process.pid}.json`);
+      try {
+        await runPosture(['--raw', '--output-file', tmp]);
+        const env = JSON.parse(await readFile(tmp, 'utf-8'));
+        for (const s of env.scannerEnvelope.scanners) {
+          for (const f of s.findings) {
+            assert.equal(f.userActionLanguage, undefined,
+              `${f.id}: --raw output-file must not carry userActionLanguage`);
+          }
+        }
+      } finally {
+        await unlink(tmp).catch(() => {});
+      }
+    });
+  });
 });