llm-ingestion-okf/tests/test_asset_limits.py
Kjell Tore Guttormsen 33d3269380
test(assets): the cost of a link, and a property over all 1 110 chains
Round 3 of the 0.10.1 review. Rounds 1-3 each bound a NUMBER and the bomb
moved to the next one: the declared size, then the first `FlateDecode`, then
every `FlateDecode`. It now lives in a link this package had documented as
safe. `ASCII85Decode` was called bounded "by its own input because it
shrinks"; `z` is ASCII85's shorthand for four zero bytes, so one input byte
becomes four, and `base64.a85decode` appends one 4-byte object per group to a
list, so the DECODER costs about a hundred bytes of memory per byte of input
(measured on CPython 3.14: 101.4x at 1 MiB, 96.1x at 4 MiB, 94.5x at 16 MiB).

Measured on the pinned `0c3c490` tree, its own interpreter, idle machine: a
33 475-byte PDF decoding an image through `/Filter [/FlateDecode
/ASCII85Decode]` cost 3 827 003 392 bytes of peak RSS -- 114 000x the file --
and the picture was CARRIED, with no rejection at all.

Seven tests red, three green:

* the two bombs above, in their own interpreters, at the shipped bound;
* the cost ratio as a re-measurable known-negative, so the constant cannot
  rot the first time CPython changes `a85decode`;
* the input cap against the corpora (9 668 image objects over 77 PDFs, 16
  behind an `ASCII85Decode` link, largest input 450 739 bytes);
* THE PROPERTY, both payload fills: every chain of length 1-3 over the ten
  filters pdfminer decodes -- 1 110 of them -- is either delivered under the
  bound or refused with a code in the published vocabulary, and never paid
  for on the way, which `tracemalloc` measures because that is where
  `a85decode`'s cost lives.

Green but previously uncovered, which is the MAJOR of the same checkpoint:
`check_payload` at the END of `_check_stream_cost` could be deleted with the
whole suite still passing, because the second one after `get_data()` gives
the same code one step later. The two differ in whether the payment was made,
so the test asserts `get_data` was never called. The known-positive beside
the property -- every bounded chain still carries a 64-byte image -- is green
too, and a rule that refuses everything would pass the property alone.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-18 17:20:51 +02:00

1084 lines
45 KiB
Python

"""Two findings of the independent 0.10.0 review, as red tests (0.10.1).
Both land with the SHIPPED defaults (`--assets` on, `--gate
guard-trusted-source`), and both are new in 0.10.0 -- before it, no reader
read an `<img>` attribute or opened an image stream at all.
1. **A remote image reference became a LIVE markdown image link** in the
persisted concept, carrying an address the document's author controls,
query string included. This package opens no socket, but a consumer that
renders the markdown or lets an agent fetch images does, which turns "a
bundle was opened" into a beacon. The guard's `user-upload` tier refuses
such a line and the build's default tier does not, so the same bytes are
persisted under the default and refused one tier up.
2. **Nothing bounded a PDF image's size.** A 9.6 KB file declaring an
8000x8000 grayscale image of compressed zeros made `encode_png` allocate
width*height bytes twice over; measured peak RSS 83 MB at 3000x3000 and
276 MB at 8000x8000, linear in the pixel count. One such document -- or
one legitimately enormous scan -- takes the whole batch build with it,
before any gate, because the guard never sees image bytes.
The limit is READ OFF the corpora rather than chosen: over the 4 828 image
objects of the 43-document reference corpus the largest is 4 515 x 4 128
(18.6 MP, a landscape drawing), and over R761's 109 delivered pictures the
largest is 2 072 x 656 (1.4 MP). `MAX_IMAGE_PIXELS` sits above both with
room to spare, and anything larger is a counted refusal rather than a
killed build.
"""
from __future__ import annotations
import re
import subprocess
import sys
import zlib
from pathlib import Path
import pytest
from llm_ingestion_okf import assets, cli
from llm_ingestion_okf.assets import IMAGE_POINTER, render_missing
from llm_ingestion_okf.errors import ExtractionError
from llm_ingestion_okf.extract import extract_document
FIXTURES = Path(__file__).parent / "fixtures" / "image-inbox"
REMOTE = "https://collect.example.net/p.gif?doc=drift&u=SESSION"
#: Any markdown image whose target is not this bundle's own `assets/`.
FOREIGN_IMAGE_LINK = re.compile(r"!\[[^\]\n]*\]\(\s*(?!/assets/)([^)\s]+)")
# --- finding 1: a remote reference is inert ---------------------------------
def test_a_remote_reference_is_not_a_markdown_image_link() -> None:
line = render_missing(REMOTE, reason="the source is off this machine", label="fig", href=REMOTE)
assert "](" not in line
assert REMOTE in line, "the address is still stated -- a reader must see what was there"
def test_the_pointer_block_of_a_carried_image_is_unchanged() -> None:
"""The known-positive beside it: a local image keeps its image block, or
the fix has merely disarmed the whole capability."""
image = assets.read_image((FIXTURES / "graphics" / "figur-84-1.png").read_bytes(), name="f.png")
assert IMAGE_POINTER.search(assets.render_block(image)) is not None
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
"document",
[
'<html><body><p>A</p><img src="{ref}" alt="fig"></body></html>',
'<standard xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><body><sec><title>T</title>'
'<p>A</p><graphic xlink:href="{ref}"/></sec></body></standard>',
],
ids=["html", "sts"],
)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("ref", [REMOTE, "//collect.example.net/p.gif", "HTTPS://EVIL/p.gif"])
def test_no_reader_writes_a_live_link_for_a_remote_reference(document: str, ref: str) -> None:
"""A property over the readers that resolve references, not one string."""
suffix = ".html" if document.startswith("<html") else ".xml"
# `&` is an entity opener in XML, so the reference is escaped for that
# reader and not for the HTML one.
escaped = ref if suffix == ".html" else ref.replace("&", "&amp;")
extracted = extract_document(
f"doc{suffix}", document.format(ref=escaped).encode("utf-8"), assets=True
)
foreign = FOREIGN_IMAGE_LINK.findall(extracted.text)
assert foreign == [], f"live image link(s) {foreign} for {ref}"
assert ref.split("?")[0].lower() in extracted.text.lower()
def test_a_data_uri_image_is_carried_and_leaves_no_foreign_link() -> None:
png = (FIXTURES / "graphics" / "figur-84-1.png").read_bytes()
import base64
uri = "data:image/png;base64," + base64.b64encode(png).decode("ascii")
extracted = extract_document(
"doc.html", f'<html><body><img src="{uri}"></body></html>'.encode(), assets=True
)
assert len(extracted.images) == 1
assert FOREIGN_IMAGE_LINK.findall(extracted.text) == []
def test_a_built_bundle_carries_no_foreign_image_link(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
"""The shipped fixture inbox holds one remote `<img>`; the bundle must
point at `assets/` and nowhere else."""
pytest.importorskip("pdfplumber")
pytest.importorskip("pypandoc")
bundle = tmp_path / "bundle"
code = cli.main(
[
"build",
str(FIXTURES),
"--bundle",
str(bundle),
"--bundle-id",
"limits",
"--okf-version",
"0.2",
]
)
assert code == 0
foreign: list[str] = []
for path in bundle.rglob("*.md"):
foreign += FOREIGN_IMAGE_LINK.findall(path.read_text(encoding="utf-8"))
assert foreign == []
# --- finding 2: a declared size that is too large is refused, not decoded ---
def _zeros_stream(total: int) -> bytes:
"""`total` bytes of zeros, deflated WITHOUT ever holding them.
The generator has to stay cheaper than the bomb it builds, or the test
measures its own fixture instead of the code under test.
"""
compressor = zlib.compressobj(9)
chunk = b"\x00" * (1 << 20)
parts = [compressor.compress(chunk) for _ in range(total >> 20)]
parts.append(compressor.flush())
return b"".join(parts)
def _nested_zeros_stream(total: int, links: int = 2) -> bytes:
"""The same zeros, deflated `links` times over -- the shape a PDF declares
as `/Filter [/FlateDecode /FlateDecode]`.
Deflate output of a long run of zeros is itself highly repetitive, so the
second pass shrinks 407 685 bytes to 795: the whole 400 MB stands behind
under a kilobyte of stream, which is why measuring only the first link of
the chain is not a bound at all.
"""
stream = _zeros_stream(total)
for _ in range(links - 1):
stream = zlib.compress(stream, 9)
return stream
def _bomb(
dimension: int,
content: bytes | None = None,
payload: bytes | None = None,
filters: str = "/FlateDecode",
) -> bytes:
"""A tiny PDF declaring one `dimension` x `dimension` grayscale image of
compressed zeros -- the review's own repro, built here. `content` replaces
the page's content stream, for a page that draws an INLINE image instead.
`payload` replaces the image stream, for a document whose DECLARED size and
whose actual stream are two different numbers. `filters` replaces the
`/Filter` entry, for a document whose stream is decoded by a CHAIN rather
than by one filter."""
if payload is None:
payload = zlib.compress(b"\x00" * (dimension * dimension), 9)
if content is None:
content = b"BT /F1 12 Tf 20 100 Td (bomb) Tj ET\nq 100 0 0 100 20 20 cm /Im0 Do Q\n"
objects = [
b"<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R >>",
b"<< /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 >>",
b"<< /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 200 200] /Resources << /XObject "
b"<< /Im0 5 0 R >> /Font << /F1 6 0 R >> >> /Contents 4 0 R >>",
b"<< /Length %d >>\nstream\n" % len(content) + content + b"\nendstream",
(
"<< /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Width %d /Height %d /ColorSpace /DeviceGray "
"/BitsPerComponent 8 /Filter %s /Length %d >>\nstream\n"
% (dimension, dimension, filters, len(payload))
).encode("ascii")
+ payload
+ b"\nendstream",
b"<< /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /BaseFont /Helvetica >>",
]
out = bytearray(b"%PDF-1.4\n")
offsets = []
for number, body in enumerate(objects, start=1):
offsets.append(len(out))
out += b"%d 0 obj\n" % number + body + b"\nendobj\n"
start = len(out)
out += b"xref\n0 %d\n0000000000 65535 f \n" % (len(objects) + 1)
for offset in offsets:
out += b"%010d 00000 n \n" % offset
out += b"trailer\n<< /Size %d /Root 1 0 R >>\nstartxref\n%d\n%%%%EOF\n" % (
len(objects) + 1,
start,
)
return bytes(out)
def test_the_limit_is_above_every_image_measured_in_the_corpora() -> None:
"""4 515 x 4 128 = 18.6 MP is the largest of the 4 828 objects measured in
the reference corpus; R761's largest delivered picture is 1.4 MP."""
assert assets.MAX_IMAGE_PIXELS > 4515 * 4128
assert assets.MAX_IMAGE_BYTES >= assets.MAX_IMAGE_PIXELS
def test_a_pdf_image_over_the_limit_is_refused_by_code() -> None:
pytest.importorskip("pdfplumber")
dimension = 1 + int(assets.MAX_IMAGE_PIXELS**0.5)
extracted = extract_document("bomb.pdf", _bomb(dimension), assets=True)
assert extracted.images == ()
assert [rejection.code for rejection in extracted.rejected] == ["asset_too_large"]
assert str(dimension) in extracted.rejected[0].reason
def test_a_pdf_image_under_the_limit_is_still_carried() -> None:
"""The boundary from the other side, on the same generator."""
pytest.importorskip("pdfplumber")
extracted = extract_document("small.pdf", _bomb(64), assets=True)
assert [(image.width, image.height) for image in extracted.images] == [(64, 64)]
def test_the_refusal_happens_before_the_stream_is_decompressed() -> None:
"""The limit is read off the DECLARED size, and the order is observable.
The image stream here is CORRUPT (its bytes are not deflate data) while
its declared size is over the bound. Decoding first gives
`asset_pdf_unsupported` ("could not be decoded"); reading the declared
size first gives `asset_too_large`. A check after `get_data()` has already
paid for the bomb it was meant to stop.
"""
pytest.importorskip("pdfplumber")
dimension = 1 + int(assets.MAX_IMAGE_PIXELS**0.5)
document = _bomb(dimension)
payload = zlib.compress(b"\x00" * (dimension * dimension), 9)
corrupt = document.replace(payload, b"\xff" * len(payload))
assert corrupt != document
extracted = extract_document("corrupt.pdf", corrupt, assets=True)
assert [rejection.code for rejection in extracted.rejected] == ["asset_too_large"]
def test_a_data_uri_over_the_limit_is_refused_before_decoding(
monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
) -> None:
monkeypatch.setattr(assets, "MAX_IMAGE_BYTES", 32)
uri = "data:image/png;base64," + "A" * 4096
extracted = extract_document(
"doc.html", f'<html><body><img src="{uri}"></body></html>'.encode(), assets=True
)
assert [rejection.code for rejection in extracted.rejected] == ["asset_too_large"]
def test_encode_png_refuses_the_same_size_on_its_own() -> None:
"""Defence in depth: the encoder does not trust its caller to have checked."""
dimension = 1 + int(assets.MAX_IMAGE_PIXELS**0.5)
with pytest.raises(ExtractionError) as excinfo:
assets.encode_png(dimension, dimension, b"", channels=1, palette=None, alpha=None)
assert excinfo.value.code == "asset_too_large"
# --- the determinism defect PM added to this order --------------------------
def test_an_inline_pdf_image_gets_a_stable_name() -> None:
"""pdfminer names an inline image (`BI ... EI`) from `id()` of a Python
object, so the pointer line changed between two runs of one build -- two
concept files of the reference corpus differed. Measured 2026-09-17."""
pytest.importorskip("pdfplumber")
from llm_ingestion_okf import extract as extract_module
inline = (
b"BT /F1 12 Tf 20 100 Td (t) Tj ET\n"
b"q 10 0 0 10 20 20 cm BI /W 2 /H 2 /CS /G /BPC 8 /F /AHx ID 00112233> EI Q\n"
)
document = _bomb(4, content=inline)
first = extract_document("inline.pdf", document, assets=True)
extract_module._pdf_pages.cache_clear()
second = extract_document("inline.pdf", document, assets=True)
names = [image.name for image in first.images] + [r.name for r in first.rejected]
again = [image.name for image in second.images] + [r.name for r in second.rejected]
assert names == again != []
assert not any(part.isdigit() and len(part) > 6 for name in names for part in name.split("-"))
# --- BLOCKER-1 of the 18.09 review: the bound must bind what the run PAYS ----
#
# `check_size` reads `/Width` and `/Height` out of the image dictionary, which
# is a CLAIM by an untrusted document, and the claim and the cost are two
# independent numbers: `/Length` is the COMPRESSED length and nothing in the
# dictionary states what `get_data()` will return. Measured on `230d1cb` by an
# independent review: a 389 626-byte PDF declaring 1x1 and carrying 400 MB of
# deflated zeros was CARRIED, with no rejection, at 834 MB of peak RSS -- and
# 1,2 GB of zeros at 2 436 MB, linear, about 2 100x the file size. The four
# mutations that suite already kills do not separate declared from actual, so
# they were all green while this stood.
#: What a bounded run of the 400 MB bomb may cost, in bytes of peak RSS.
#: Measured 2026-09-18 on this machine, same commit, same fixture: 892 MB
#: without the bound and 54 MB with it, and the bounded figure barely moves
#: when the stream triples (62 MB at 1,2 GB) because what grows is the
#: COMPRESSED input, which was already in memory. The bar sits between the
#: two, far enough above the bounded run that the interpreter's own footprint
#: on another machine cannot reach it.
PEAK_RSS_BOUND = 256 * 1024 * 1024
#: The stream the bomb inflates to. Over `MAX_IMAGE_BYTES` (256 MiB), so it is
#: refused at the real bound rather than at a monkeypatched one.
BOMB_STREAM_BYTES = 400 * 1024 * 1024
_CHILD = """
import resource, sys
sys.path.insert(0, {tests!r})
from test_asset_limits import _bomb, _zeros_stream, _nested_zeros_stream
from llm_ingestion_okf.extract import extract_document
document = {builder}
extracted = extract_document("bomb.pdf", document, assets=True)
peak = resource.getrusage(resource.RUSAGE_SELF).ru_maxrss
print(
len(document),
len(extracted.images),
",".join(rejection.code for rejection in extracted.rejected) or "-",
peak if sys.platform == "darwin" else peak * 1024,
)
"""
def _run_bomb(total: int, *, links: int = 1) -> tuple[int, int, str, int]:
"""The bomb in its own interpreter, so peak RSS is ITS peak and not the
high-water mark of every test that ran before it. `links` is how many
`FlateDecode` filters the stream is decoded by."""
builder = (
"_bomb(1, payload=_zeros_stream(%d))" % total
if links == 1
else "_bomb(1, payload=_nested_zeros_stream(%d, %d), filters=%r)"
% (total, links, "[" + " ".join(["/FlateDecode"] * links) + "]")
)
completed = subprocess.run(
[sys.executable, "-c", _CHILD.format(tests=str(Path(__file__).parent), builder=builder)],
capture_output=True,
text=True,
check=True,
)
size, carried, codes, peak = completed.stdout.split()
return int(size), int(carried), codes, int(peak)
def test_a_declared_size_of_one_pixel_does_not_licence_an_unbounded_stream() -> None:
"""The review's repro, at the shipped bound: 1x1 declared, 400 MB paid."""
pytest.importorskip("pdfplumber")
size, carried, codes, peak = _run_bomb(BOMB_STREAM_BYTES)
assert size < 2 * 1024 * 1024, "the fixture must stay a small file, or it proves nothing"
assert carried == 0, "a 400 MB stream was carried as a 1x1 picture"
assert codes == "asset_too_large"
assert peak < PEAK_RSS_BOUND, f"peak RSS {peak} bytes for a {size}-byte file"
def test_the_refusal_reads_the_stream_and_not_only_the_declaration() -> None:
"""The mutation the shipped suite could not kill.
An honest 20000x20000 declaration is refused by `check_size` alone, so a
test built on one is green whether or not the actual stream is bounded.
This document declares a size WITHIN the bound, which is the only shape
that separates the two checks.
"""
pytest.importorskip("pdfplumber")
small = zlib.compress(b"\x00" * 64, 9)
within = extract_document("small.pdf", _bomb(8, payload=small), assets=True)
assert [rejection.code for rejection in within.rejected] == [], "the control must be carried"
assert len(within.images) == 1
def test_a_stream_over_the_bound_is_refused_with_a_patched_bound() -> None:
"""The same rule, cheap, so it runs on every machine and every suite."""
pytest.importorskip("pdfplumber")
monkey = pytest.MonkeyPatch()
try:
monkey.setattr(assets, "MAX_IMAGE_BYTES", 4096)
extracted = extract_document(
"bomb.pdf", _bomb(1, payload=zlib.compress(b"\x00" * 1_000_000, 9)), assets=True
)
finally:
monkey.undo()
assert extracted.images == ()
assert [rejection.code for rejection in extracted.rejected] == ["asset_too_large"]
# --- MAJOR of the 18.09 review: a non-positive declaration is not a size -----
def test_a_non_positive_declared_size_is_refused_before_the_stream_is_read() -> None:
"""`-1 * 40_000_000_000` is NEGATIVE, so `pixels > MAX_IMAGE_PIXELS` was
false and `check_size` returned silently; 400 MB was then decompressed and
the refusal came from `encode_png` with `asset_samples_invalid` -- a code
about the sample buffer for a defect in the declaration.
The stream here is CORRUPT, so the order is observable: reading first gives
`asset_pdf_unsupported`, reading the declaration first gives the new code.
"""
pytest.importorskip("pdfplumber")
document = _bomb(4, payload=b"\xff" * 512).replace(
b"/Width 4 /Height 4", b"/Width -1 /Height 40000000000"
)
assert b"/Width -1" in document
extracted = extract_document("negative.pdf", document, assets=True)
assert extracted.images == ()
assert [rejection.code for rejection in extracted.rejected] == ["asset_size_invalid"]
def test_check_size_refuses_every_non_positive_pair_and_keeps_unknown_unknown() -> None:
for width, height in ((-1, 40_000_000_000), (0, 10), (10, 0), (-2, -2)):
with pytest.raises(ExtractionError) as excinfo:
assets.check_size(width, height, name="n")
assert excinfo.value.code == "asset_size_invalid"
# A size the container never declared is UNKNOWN, not invalid: there is no
# number to bound and inventing one would refuse a legitimate picture.
assets.check_size(None, None, name="n")
assets.check_size(None, 10, name="n")
# --- MINOR-3: the bound holds for a file carried verbatim, too ---------------
def _png_header(width: int, height: int) -> bytes:
"""A PNG whose IHDR declares `width` x `height` and whose body is a stub.
`read_image` sniffs and reads the header; it never decodes."""
def chunk(kind: bytes, payload: bytes) -> bytes:
return (
len(payload).to_bytes(4, "big")
+ kind
+ payload
+ zlib.crc32(kind + payload).to_bytes(4, "big")
)
ihdr = width.to_bytes(4, "big") + height.to_bytes(4, "big") + bytes([8, 0, 0, 0, 0])
return b"\x89PNG\r\n\x1a\n" + chunk(b"IHDR", ihdr) + chunk(b"IEND", b"")
def test_an_image_file_over_the_bound_is_refused_although_it_is_never_decoded() -> None:
"""A 7 000 x 7 000 PNG is 49 MP in 47 705 bytes. This package does not
decode a carried file, so it pays nothing -- but writing it into a bundle
hands the consumer the same bomb with `7000x7000 px` printed beside it,
and the README's first sentence says such an image is refused."""
with pytest.raises(ExtractionError) as excinfo:
assets.read_image(_png_header(7000, 7000), name="big.png")
assert excinfo.value.code == "asset_too_large"
def test_an_image_file_under_the_bound_is_still_read() -> None:
image = assets.read_image(_png_header(4515, 4128), name="drawing.png")
assert (image.width, image.height) == (4515, 4128)
# --- MINOR-1 and MINOR-2 of the 18.09 review --------------------------------
def test_a_remote_address_is_never_written_as_a_bare_url() -> None:
"""`inert` was only half true: the address was written TWICE, once in a
code span and once bare, and a GFM/linkify renderer autolinks the bare
one into `<a href="...">`. Measured with `markdown_it('gfm-like')`."""
line = render_missing(REMOTE, reason="the source is off this machine", href=REMOTE)
assert "](" not in line
assert REMOTE in line
for position in range(len(line)):
if line.startswith(REMOTE, position):
assert line[position - 1] == "`" and line[position + len(REMOTE)] == "`", (
f"a bare occurrence of the address at {position}: {line!r}"
)
def test_the_caption_of_a_remote_reference_is_still_stated() -> None:
"""`label` became a dead parameter in 0.10.1, so the alt text or figure
caption of an image the bundle does not carry was DROPPED -- a regression
against 0.10.0 and against this module's own reason for writing the line:
a reader cannot weigh an absence they were never shown."""
line = render_missing(
"p.gif", reason="the source is off this machine", label="Figur 84-1 Tverrprofil", href=None
)
assert "Figur 84-1 Tverrprofil" in line
with_href = render_missing(
REMOTE, reason="the source is off this machine", label="Figur 84-1 Tverrprofil", href=REMOTE
)
assert "Figur 84-1 Tverrprofil" in with_href
# --- BLOCKER of the 18.09 PM checkpoint: the CHAIN, not only its first link --
#
# `_check_inflated` read `filters[0]`, measured that one link, and returned.
# A PDF may decode a stream through a chain (`/Filter [/FlateDecode
# /FlateDecode]`), and the PM's repro measured what that costs on `0f308c1`:
# 1 606 bytes of stream became 835 MB of peak RSS and 2 839 bytes became
# 2 439 MB -- linear, about 860 000x the file size, and 400x worse than the
# single-link bomb the 0.10.1 fix was written for. The image is refused at the
# end by `check_payload`, after the memory has been spent; one 3 KB document
# takes a batch build with it.
#
# The corpora say the chain is not a hypothetical shape. Over the 5 142 image
# objects of the 78 PDFs on this machine (measured 2026-09-18), 596 decode
# through `[/FlateDecode /DCTDecode]`, 580 through `[/FlateDecode
# /ASCII85Decode]` and 16 through `[/ASCII85Decode /FlateDecode]` -- so a rule
# that refuses every chain would cost 1 192 real pictures, and a rule that
# bounds only the first link leaves all 16 of the last group unbounded.
def test_a_chain_of_two_flate_filters_costs_no_more_than_one() -> None:
"""The PM's repro at the shipped bound, in its own interpreter."""
pytest.importorskip("pdfplumber")
size, carried, codes, peak = _run_bomb(BOMB_STREAM_BYTES, links=2)
assert size < 2 * 1024 * 1024, "the fixture must stay a small file, or it proves nothing"
assert carried == 0, "a 400 MB stream was carried as a 1x1 picture"
assert codes == "asset_too_large"
assert peak < PEAK_RSS_BOUND, f"peak RSS {peak} bytes for a {size}-byte file"
def test_a_chain_of_three_flate_filters_costs_no_more_than_one() -> None:
"""A chain this package has never seen -- the bound must not be a list of
the shapes somebody thought of."""
pytest.importorskip("pdfplumber")
size, carried, codes, peak = _run_bomb(BOMB_STREAM_BYTES, links=3)
assert carried == 0
assert codes == "asset_too_large"
assert peak < PEAK_RSS_BOUND, f"peak RSS {peak} bytes for a {size}-byte file"
def test_every_link_of_a_flate_chain_is_measured_with_a_patched_bound() -> None:
"""The same rule, cheap, so it runs on every machine and every suite."""
pytest.importorskip("pdfplumber")
payload = _nested_zeros_stream(1 << 20, 2)
monkey = pytest.MonkeyPatch()
try:
monkey.setattr(assets, "MAX_IMAGE_BYTES", 4096)
extracted = extract_document(
"nested.pdf",
_bomb(1, payload=payload, filters="[/FlateDecode /FlateDecode]"),
assets=True,
)
finally:
monkey.undo()
assert len(payload) < 4096, "the stream itself is under the bound; only its output is over"
assert extracted.images == ()
assert [rejection.code for rejection in extracted.rejected] == ["asset_too_large"]
# WHICH check fired is the whole point: the backstop refuses this document
# too, after the memory is spent, so a test that reads only the code is
# green on the defect. The two refusals say different things.
assert "decompresses to more than" in extracted.rejected[0].reason, (
"refused by the backstop after decoding, not by the bound before it: "
+ extracted.rejected[0].reason
)
def test_a_flate_link_behind_an_ascii85_link_is_measured_too() -> None:
"""`[/ASCII85Decode /FlateDecode]` is 16 real objects of the corpora, and
`filters[0]` is not `FlateDecode`, so the old rule returned without
measuring anything at all."""
pytest.importorskip("pdfplumber")
import base64
payload = base64.a85encode(_zeros_stream(1 << 20), adobe=True)
monkey = pytest.MonkeyPatch()
try:
monkey.setattr(assets, "MAX_IMAGE_BYTES", 4096)
extracted = extract_document(
"a85.pdf",
_bomb(1, payload=payload, filters="[/ASCII85Decode /FlateDecode]"),
assets=True,
)
finally:
monkey.undo()
assert extracted.images == ()
assert [rejection.code for rejection in extracted.rejected] == ["asset_too_large"]
assert "decompresses to more than" in extracted.rejected[0].reason, (
"refused by the backstop after decoding, not by the bound before it: "
+ extracted.rejected[0].reason
)
def test_a_chained_image_within_the_bound_is_still_carried() -> None:
"""The known-positive beside all of them: the two chains the corpora
actually hold must still deliver their picture."""
pytest.importorskip("pdfplumber")
import base64
samples = zlib.compress(b"\x00" * (64 * 64), 9)
for filters, payload in (
("[/ASCII85Decode /FlateDecode]", base64.a85encode(samples, adobe=True)),
("[/FlateDecode]", samples),
):
extracted = extract_document(
"ok.pdf", _bomb(64, payload=payload, filters=filters), assets=True
)
assert [r.code for r in extracted.rejected] == [], filters
assert [(i.width, i.height) for i in extracted.images] == [(64, 64)], filters
def test_a_filter_the_bound_cannot_measure_is_refused_before_it_is_decoded() -> None:
"""`LZWDecode` and `RunLengthDecode` expand by an amount pdfminer will only
reveal by producing the whole output, so there is no measuring them a chunk
at a time. They are refused with a code BEFORE the decode, which is the
order the stream here makes observable: its bytes are not valid input for
either filter, so decoding first gives `asset_pdf_unsupported`.
"""
pytest.importorskip("pdfplumber")
for filters in ("/LZWDecode", "/RunLengthDecode", "[/FlateDecode /LZWDecode]"):
extracted = extract_document(
"unknown.pdf", _bomb(4, payload=b"\xff" * 512, filters=filters), assets=True
)
assert extracted.images == ()
assert [r.code for r in extracted.rejected] == ["asset_pdf_unbounded"], filters
def test_the_filters_this_package_bounds_are_the_ones_the_corpora_hold() -> None:
"""The published claim, as a test: these names are what the close-out
message and the four documentation surfaces say are carried."""
from llm_ingestion_okf import extract as extract_module
carried = extract_module.bounded_pdf_filters()
assert carried == {
"FlateDecode",
"ASCII85Decode",
"ASCIIHexDecode",
"DCTDecode",
"JPXDecode",
"JBIG2Decode",
}
def test_an_encrypted_stream_is_deciphered_and_then_bounded() -> None:
"""`stream.decipher is not None` returned without measuring, so a document
that declares encryption was a way past the bound. Deciphering does not
change a stream's length, so this package does what pdfminer's own
`decode()` does -- decipher first, then measure the filters.
"""
pytest.importorskip("pdfplumber")
from pdfminer.pdftypes import PDFStream
from pdfminer.psparser import LIT
from llm_ingestion_okf import extract as extract_module
def rot(objid: int, genno: int, data: bytes, attrs: dict[str, object]) -> bytes:
return bytes(byte ^ 0x5A for byte in data)
raw = _zeros_stream(1 << 20)
stream = PDFStream(
{"Width": 1, "Height": 1, "BitsPerComponent": 8, "Filter": LIT("FlateDecode")},
rot(0, 0, raw, {}),
decipher=rot,
)
stream.set_objid(1, 0)
monkey = pytest.MonkeyPatch()
try:
monkey.setattr(assets, "MAX_IMAGE_BYTES", 4096)
with pytest.raises(ExtractionError) as excinfo:
extract_module._check_stream_cost(stream, "encrypted")
finally:
monkey.undo()
assert excinfo.value.code == "asset_too_large"
# --- MAJOR of the 18.09 PM checkpoint: the backstop is covered ---------------
def test_the_backstop_refuses_a_payload_the_stream_bound_never_saw() -> None:
"""`check_payload(len(data))` after `get_data()` is the counted refusal the
docstrings, the README, the CHANGELOG and CLAUDE.md all point at -- and
deleting exactly that line passed the whole suite (2 132 tests) on
`0f308c1`, because every other test reaches a bound that fires earlier.
The path that reaches it is a stream pdfminer has ALREADY decoded: `decode()`
sets `rawdata` to `None`, so there is no raw stream left to measure and the
memory is spent before this package is asked anything. The picture is then
dropped by count rather than by bound, which is the weaker guarantee the
documents describe -- and nothing held it.
"""
pytest.importorskip("pdfplumber")
from pdfminer.pdftypes import PDFStream
from pdfminer.psparser import LIT
from llm_ingestion_okf import extract as extract_module
stream = PDFStream(
{"Width": 8, "Height": 8, "BitsPerComponent": 8, "Filter": LIT("FlateDecode")},
zlib.compress(b"\x00" * 4096, 9),
)
stream.set_objid(1, 0)
assert len(stream.get_data()) == 4096
assert stream.get_rawdata() is None, (
"the stream must be decoded already, or this proves nothing"
)
monkey = pytest.MonkeyPatch()
try:
monkey.setattr(assets, "MAX_IMAGE_BYTES", 1024)
with pytest.raises(ExtractionError) as excinfo:
extract_module._pdf_image(stream, "decoded")
finally:
monkey.undo()
assert excinfo.value.code == "asset_too_large", (
"without the backstop this falls through to the encoder and is reported "
"as a defect of the sample buffer"
)
def test_a_decoded_stream_under_the_bound_is_still_read() -> None:
"""The known-positive for the test above: the backstop must not be a rule
that refuses every already-decoded stream."""
pytest.importorskip("pdfplumber")
from pdfminer.pdftypes import PDFStream
from pdfminer.psparser import LIT
from llm_ingestion_okf import extract as extract_module
stream = PDFStream(
{
"Width": 8,
"Height": 8,
"BitsPerComponent": 8,
"ColorSpace": LIT("DeviceGray"),
"Filter": LIT("FlateDecode"),
},
zlib.compress(b"\x00" * 64, 9),
)
stream.set_objid(1, 0)
stream.get_data()
image = extract_module._pdf_image(stream, "decoded")
assert (image.width, image.height) == (8, 8)
# --- BLOCKER of the 18.09 round-3 checkpoint: the COST of a link, not the ---
# --- size of its output -----------------------------------------------------
#
# Round 1 bound what the dictionary DECLARES; the bomb moved into the stream.
# Round 2 bound the first `FlateDecode`; it moved into the second one. Round 3
# bound every `FlateDecode` link; it moved into a link this package had called
# safe. `ASCII85Decode` was documented as bounded "by its own input because it
# shrinks", and that is false: `z` is ASCII85's shorthand for four zero bytes,
# so one input byte becomes four. Worse, the DECODER's working set is far
# larger than either number -- `base64.a85decode` appends one 4-byte object per
# group to a list -- so the cost is about a hundred bytes of memory per byte of
# INPUT. Measured on CPython 3.14: 101.4x at 1 MiB of `z`, 96.1x at 4 MiB,
# 94.5x at 16 MiB. Nothing in the output size says so.
#
# Measured 2026-09-18 on the pinned `0c3c490` tree, its own interpreter, idle
# machine: a 33 475-byte PDF whose image decodes through `/Filter
# [/FlateDecode /ASCII85Decode]` cost 3 827 003 392 bytes of peak RSS -- about
# 114 000x the file -- and the picture was CARRIED, with no rejection at all.
#
# So the rule under test is not "bound the output of a link" but "bound what
# decoding a link COSTS", and it has to hold for every chain rather than for
# the ones a corpus happens to hold.
#: The filters pdfminer will decode, by their canonical names, plus `/Crypt`.
#: The property test below runs EVERY chain of length 1-3 over these.
DECODED_FILTERS = (
"FlateDecode",
"ASCII85Decode",
"ASCIIHexDecode",
"DCTDecode",
"JPXDecode",
"JBIG2Decode",
"LZWDecode",
"RunLengthDecode",
"CCITTFaxDecode",
"Crypt",
)
#: What a rejection may be CALLED. A refusal outside this vocabulary is a
#: defect even when it stops the bomb: a consumer counts these.
ASSET_REJECTION_CODES = frozenset(
{
"asset_too_large",
"asset_size_invalid",
"asset_pdf_unbounded",
"asset_pdf_unsupported",
"asset_samples_invalid",
"asset_type_unknown",
}
)
def _encode_for(literal: str, data: bytes) -> bytes:
"""Encode `data` so that DECODING it with `literal` gives `data` back.
The filters with no encoder here are the ones this package refuses unread,
so a chain containing one never reaches a decode at all.
"""
import base64
import binascii
if literal in ("FlateDecode", "Fl"):
return zlib.compress(data, 9)
if literal in ("ASCII85Decode", "A85"):
return base64.a85encode(data, adobe=True)
if literal in ("ASCIIHexDecode", "AHx"):
return binascii.hexlify(data) + b">"
return data
def _chain_stream(chain: tuple[str, ...], payload: bytes) -> bytes:
"""The stream bytes a document must hold for `chain` to decode to
`payload`. The LAST filter is applied to the payload first.
A payload of zeros is the amplifying case for BOTH ends of the chain: it
deflates to almost nothing, and `a85encode` writes a run of `z`, which is
the shorthand this bound exists for.
"""
for literal in reversed(chain):
payload = _encode_for(literal, payload)
return payload
def _filters_entry(chain: tuple[str, ...]) -> str:
return "[" + " ".join("/" + name for name in chain) + "]"
_CHAIN_CHILD = """
import resource, sys
sys.path.insert(0, {tests!r})
from test_asset_limits import _bomb, _chain_stream, _filters_entry
from llm_ingestion_okf.extract import extract_document
chain = {chain!r}
document = _bomb(
1, payload=_chain_stream(chain, b"\\x00" * {payload}), filters=_filters_entry(chain)
)
extracted = extract_document("bomb.pdf", document, assets=True)
peak = resource.getrusage(resource.RUSAGE_SELF).ru_maxrss
print(
len(document),
len(extracted.images),
",".join(r.code for r in extracted.rejected) or "-",
peak if sys.platform == "darwin" else peak * 1024,
)
"""
def _run_chain(chain: tuple[str, ...], *, payload: int) -> tuple[int, int, str, int]:
"""One chain's bomb in its own interpreter, so peak RSS is ITS peak and not
the high-water mark of every test that ran before it."""
completed = subprocess.run(
[
sys.executable,
"-c",
_CHAIN_CHILD.format(tests=str(Path(__file__).parent), chain=chain, payload=payload),
],
capture_output=True,
text=True,
check=True,
)
size, carried, codes, peak = completed.stdout.split()
return int(size), int(carried), codes, int(peak)
def test_an_ascii85_link_behind_a_flate_link_is_bounded_too() -> None:
"""The round-3 BLOCKER at the shipped bound, in its own interpreter."""
pytest.importorskip("pdfplumber")
size, carried, codes, peak = _run_chain(
("FlateDecode", "ASCII85Decode"), payload=128 * 1024 * 1024
)
assert size < 2 * 1024 * 1024, "the fixture must stay a small file, or it proves nothing"
assert carried == 0, "a run of `z` was carried as a 1x1 picture"
assert codes in ASSET_REJECTION_CODES, codes
assert peak < PEAK_RSS_BOUND, f"peak RSS {peak} bytes for a {size}-byte file"
def test_an_ascii85_link_on_its_own_is_bounded() -> None:
"""The same amplification with no filter in front of it: the stream IS the
run of `z`, so the cost must not be a multiple of the file."""
pytest.importorskip("pdfplumber")
size, carried, codes, peak = _run_chain(("ASCII85Decode",), payload=32 * 1024 * 1024)
assert carried == 0
assert codes in ASSET_REJECTION_CODES, codes
assert peak < PEAK_RSS_BOUND, f"peak RSS {peak} bytes for a {size}-byte file"
_COST_CHILD = """
import base64, resource, sys
base = resource.getrusage(resource.RUSAGE_SELF).ru_maxrss
data = b"z" * {count}
out = base64.a85decode(data)
peak = resource.getrusage(resource.RUSAGE_SELF).ru_maxrss
scale = 1 if sys.platform == "darwin" else 1024
print((peak - base) * scale / len(data))
"""
@pytest.mark.parametrize("count", [1 << 20, 4 << 20])
def test_the_ascii85_cost_ratio_is_not_below_the_one_this_package_measured(count: int) -> None:
"""The bound rests on a number measured from the DECODER, so the number has
to stay re-measurable or it rots the first time CPython changes
`a85decode`. This is the known-negative beside the bound: if the ratio here
ever rises above the constant, every cap derived from it is too generous
and this says so before a corpus does.
"""
completed = subprocess.run(
[sys.executable, "-c", _COST_CHILD.format(count=count)],
capture_output=True,
text=True,
check=True,
)
measured = float(completed.stdout.strip())
assert measured > 1.0, "the measurement itself must see the cost, or it proves nothing"
assert assets.PDF_FILTER_COST_RATIO["ASCII85Decode"] >= measured, (
f"a85decode costs {measured:.1f} bytes per input byte at {count} bytes of input, "
f"above the {assets.PDF_FILTER_COST_RATIO['ASCII85Decode']} this package budgets"
)
def test_the_ascii85_input_cap_stands_above_every_such_stream_in_the_corpora() -> None:
"""The cap is READ OFF the corpora, the posture `MAX_IMAGE_PIXELS` has.
Measured 2026-09-18 over the 9 668 image objects of the 77 PDFs on this
machine: 16 decode through an `ASCII85Decode` link, and the largest input
to one of them is 450 739 bytes.
"""
largest_measured = 450_739
cap = assets.MAX_FILTER_DECODE_BYTES / assets.PDF_FILTER_COST_RATIO["ASCII85Decode"]
assert cap > 10 * largest_measured, (
f"the cap is {cap:.0f} bytes, not an order of magnitude above the "
f"{largest_measured}-byte stream the corpora hold"
)
def _all_chains() -> list[tuple[str, ...]]:
import itertools
return [
tuple(chain)
for length in (1, 2, 3)
for chain in itertools.product(DECODED_FILTERS, repeat=length)
]
ALL_CHAINS = _all_chains()
@pytest.mark.parametrize("fill", [b"\x00", b"\xab"], ids=["zeros", "repeat"])
def test_no_chain_of_up_to_three_filters_is_carried_over_the_bound(fill: bytes) -> None:
"""THE PROPERTY, over every chain of length 1-3 the filters pdfminer
decodes can form -- 1 110 of them -- rather than over the shapes a corpus
happens to hold.
Each chain is given an amplifying payload and a small budget, and the
requirement is one sentence: the picture is either delivered with its bytes
under the bound, or refused with a code in the published vocabulary; never
carried over the bound, and never paid for on the way. `tracemalloc`
measures the paying, because it counts Python's own allocations, which is
exactly where `a85decode`'s cost lives.
"""
pytest.importorskip("pdfplumber")
import tracemalloc
from pdfminer.pdftypes import PDFStream
from pdfminer.psparser import LIT
from llm_ingestion_okf import extract as extract_module
budget = 8 * 1024
payload = fill * (128 * 1024)
ceiling = 4 * 1024 * 1024
carried_over_bound: list[tuple[str, ...]] = []
wrong_code: list[tuple[tuple[str, ...], str]] = []
over_ceiling: list[tuple[tuple[str, ...], int]] = []
monkey = pytest.MonkeyPatch()
try:
monkey.setattr(assets, "MAX_IMAGE_BYTES", budget)
monkey.setattr(assets, "MAX_FILTER_DECODE_BYTES", 2 * budget)
for chain in ALL_CHAINS:
stream = PDFStream(
{
"Width": 1,
"Height": 1,
"BitsPerComponent": 8,
"Filter": [LIT(name) for name in chain],
},
_chain_stream(chain, payload),
)
stream.set_objid(1, 0)
tracemalloc.start()
try:
extract_module._check_stream_cost(stream, "bomb")
data = stream.get_data()
except ExtractionError as exc:
if exc.code not in ASSET_REJECTION_CODES:
wrong_code.append((chain, exc.code))
except Exception:
pass # the reader behind the bound reports it in its own words
else:
if len(data) > budget:
carried_over_bound.append(chain)
finally:
_, peak = tracemalloc.get_traced_memory()
tracemalloc.stop()
if peak > ceiling:
over_ceiling.append((chain, peak))
finally:
monkey.undo()
assert carried_over_bound == [], (
f"{len(carried_over_bound)} of {len(ALL_CHAINS)} chains carried over the bound: "
f"{carried_over_bound[:4]}"
)
assert wrong_code == [], f"{len(wrong_code)} of {len(ALL_CHAINS)}: {wrong_code[:4]}"
assert over_ceiling == [], (
f"{len(over_ceiling)} of {len(ALL_CHAINS)} chains paid over {ceiling} bytes: "
f"{over_ceiling[:4]}"
)
def test_every_bounded_chain_still_carries_a_small_image() -> None:
"""The known-positive beside the property: over the same chain space,
restricted to the filters this package bounds, an image UNDER the bound
must still be delivered. A rule that refuses everything passes the property
above and is worthless."""
pytest.importorskip("pdfplumber")
import itertools
from pdfminer.pdftypes import PDFStream
from pdfminer.psparser import LIT
from llm_ingestion_okf import extract as extract_module
bounded = tuple(sorted(extract_module.bounded_pdf_filters()))
chains = [
tuple(chain) for length in (1, 2, 3) for chain in itertools.product(bounded, repeat=length)
]
refused: list[tuple[tuple[str, ...], str]] = []
for chain in chains:
stream = PDFStream(
{
"Width": 8,
"Height": 8,
"BitsPerComponent": 8,
"Filter": [LIT(name) for name in chain],
},
_chain_stream(chain, b"\x00" * 64),
)
stream.set_objid(1, 0)
try:
extract_module._check_stream_cost(stream, "small")
except ExtractionError as exc:
refused.append((chain, exc.code))
assert refused == [], f"{len(refused)} of {len(chains)} bounded chains refused a 64-byte image"
def test_the_stream_bound_refuses_before_get_data_is_ever_called() -> None:
"""MAJOR of the 18.09 checkpoint: `check_payload` at the END of
`_check_stream_cost` is what refuses a stream no filter in the chain
expands -- an unfiltered one, or one behind `DCTDecode` -- and deleting
that line passed the whole suite, because the SECOND `check_payload`, after
`get_data()`, produces the same code and the same words one step later.
A test reading the code cannot tell the two apart. What separates them is
whether the payment was made, so this one asserts `get_data` was never
called.
"""
pytest.importorskip("pdfplumber")
from pdfminer.pdftypes import PDFStream
from llm_ingestion_okf import extract as extract_module
stream = PDFStream({"Width": 1, "Height": 1, "BitsPerComponent": 8}, b"\x00" * 4096)
stream.set_objid(1, 0)
calls: list[int] = []
original = stream.get_data
def spy() -> bytes:
calls.append(1)
return original()
stream.get_data = spy # type: ignore[method-assign]
monkey = pytest.MonkeyPatch()
try:
monkey.setattr(assets, "MAX_IMAGE_BYTES", 1024)
with pytest.raises(ExtractionError) as excinfo:
extract_module._check_stream_cost(stream, "unfiltered")
finally:
monkey.undo()
assert excinfo.value.code == "asset_too_large"
assert calls == [], "refused only after the stream was decoded, which is the backstop"